CAJ: MERS coronavirus – the danger from the desert

Another viral threat that is currently making trouble is the MERS coronavirus (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus). This virus is very similar to the SARS coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012. Since then the virus has claimed more than 150 lives, mainly in the Arabian Peninsula and neighboring countries. But suspected cases were also reported in 14 other countries such as Great Britain, the USA, Egypt, Holland etc.

What is the MERS coronavirus?

The virus can cause flu-like symptoms, but also lead to severe pneumonia and kidney failure. Sometimes it doesn’t even cause any symptoms. Therefore, many infected people were only “detected” in the course of a routine examination they had to undergo as they were in contact with other infected people. The two biggest problems: 1) the actual number of people that contracted the virus can’t be calculated. 2) There is NO vaccination or therapy for the virus. Moreover, the mortality rate exceeds 30% which is very high in comparison with the SARS-virus (approximately 10%).

But where does the virus come from?

According to a recent study, the source of pathogens are probably dromedaries. A nationwide examination of blood and fecal samples of these animals showed that three quarters of all Arabian camels are infected with the MERS virus. However, it hasn’t yet been completely explained how and when the pathogens were passed from the dromedaries to humans.

Do we have to fear a pandemic?

In my opinion, the many pilgrims who come to visit the holy places in Mecca, Medina and Jeddah should be aware of the risks of contracting the virus. The best solution would be to see a doctor after their trip.  I think there might be some further cases, but I don’t think that it’s going to result in a pandemic.